Lost in the Translation English Spanish

First Try:
I once was dating this Argentinian girl for about 6 months in London, England. We were talking in a bar and I said "I was with my ex girlfriend here last week". As in I saw her in the bar but didn't speak with, obviously because she was my ex. The Argentinian promptly stood up and stormed off. I tried to explain but communication was only going in one direction. She never responded to any of my calls and I never spoke to her again.

Second Try:
I was with a Spanish girl in Deñia, Spain we had been dating for about 2 years. At this stage I could speak Spanish. She was complaining that I never speak English to her so I said "If you are tired you can go to the  hotel and we can meet up at 23:00 here", this was at 17:00, and I had no idea where the hotel was as she booked it. So we get to about 11:45 and still she hasn't arrived so at 24:00 I gave her a call, cell phones off. I try calling several times during the night, but don't get through till the next morning.

In the morning she is mad as hell and says in Spanish that I never came back to here that night, accusing me of sleeping somewhere else, possibly with a girl. She obviously had not understood that we should have met up at 23:00 the previous night. The relationship ended on that note.

BPDU filter vs BPDU guard

BPDU filtering - prevents the switch interface from sending or receiving BPDUs.

Global BPDU Filter
Switch(config)#spanning-tree portfast bpdufilter default
Interface BPDU Filter
Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree bpdufilter enable | disable

BPDU guard - puts Port Fast-enabled interfaces that receive BPDUs in an error-disabled state.

Global BPDU Guard
Switch(config)#spanning-tree portfast bpduguard default
Interface BPDU Guard
Swith(config-if)#spanning-tree bpduguard enable | disable

Cisco Voice, COS and QOS markings

Configuring Ports to Carry Voice Traffic in 802.1Q Frames - Instruct the Cisco IP Phone to forward all voice traffic through the specified VLAN. By default, the Cisco IP Phone forwards the voice traffic with an 802.1Q priority of 5.

switchport voice vlan vlan-id


Configuring Ports to Carry Voice Traffic in 802.1P Priority-Tagged Frames- Instruct the switch port to use 802.1P priority tagging for voice traffic and to use the default native VLAN (VLAN 0) to carry all traffic. By default, the Cisco IP phone forwards the voice traffic with an 802.1P priority of 5.

switchport voice vlan dot1p


Overriding the CoS Priority of Incoming Data Frames - Set the IP phone access port to override the priority received from the PC or the attached device.

switchport priority extend cos value


Configuring the IP Phone to Trust the CoS Priority of Incoming Data Frames - Set the IP phone access port to trust the priority received from the PC or the attached device.

switchport priority extend trust

Switch 642-813 Simulation - DOT1x and Class-Map

Say you want to filter 172.120.40.0 for Vlan 20.

Core Side
DLS1(Config)#Access-list 10 permit 172.120.40.0
DLS1(Config)#vlan access-map PASS 10
DLS1(Config-access-map)#match ip address 10
DLS1(Config-access-map)#action forward
DLS1(Config-access-map)#exit
DLS1(Config)#vlan access-map PASS 20

DLS1(Config-access-map)#action drop
DLS1(Config-access-map)#exit
DLS1(Config)#vlan filter PASS vlan-list 20 //Where 20 is the vlan you want to filter

Host Side
ALS1(Config)#aaa new-model
ALS1(Config)#radius-server host 172.120.1.1 key cisco
ALS1(Config)#aaa authentication dot1x default group radius
ALS1(Config)#aaa authorization network default group radius
ALS1(Config)#dot1x system-auth-control
ALS1(Config)#interface fa 0/1
ALS1(Config-if)#switchport mode access
ALS1(Config-if)#dot1x port-control auto

About Dot1x:

The first mode, force-authorized, is the default mode. In this mode, a port is always authorized and does not require any messages from either the supplicant or the authentication server. Force-authorized mode is used when you do not want to run 802.1X on a particular port. This is typically the case when connecting to another switch, a router ,or a server, and also when connecting to clients that do not support 802.1X. The next mode, auto, is the normal 802.1X mode. A port in auto mode sends EAP packets to the supplicant and will not become authorized unless it receives a positive response from the authentication server. The final mode, force-unauthorized, prevents a port from becoming authorized even if the user has the appropriate credentials. This mode essentially disables the port from use by any user or device. To configure the ports, use the following commands.

Private VLAN

ARLS1- VLAN 300, PCB - VLAN 200 and PCC VLAN 100.

Configure VLANS

ALS1(Config)#vlan 300
ALS1(Config-Vlan)#Private-Vlan Primary
ALS1(Config-Vlan)#Private-Vlan association 200,100

DSL1(Config)# vlan 100
DSL1(Config-vlan)#Private-Vlan Isolated

DSL2(Config)#vlan 200
DSL2(Config-vlan)#Private-Vlan community

To see changes "show vlan private-vlan"

Configure Ports

ALS1(Config-if)#switchport private-vlan mapping 300 200,100
ALS1(Config-if)#switchport mode private-vlan promiscuous

DSL1(Config-if)#switchport private-vlan host-association 300 100
DSL1(Config-if)#switchport mode private-vlan host

DSL1(Config-if)#switchport private-vlan host-association 300 200
DSL2(Config-if)#switchport mode private-vlan host

QOS - Video, Voice and Data

	Video	Voice	Data
Example	Video Conference	VOIP phone	FTP(File transfer protocol)
Packet size	+-256 – 1518 bytes	+-180 bytes	+-512 I.e.(greater if reset MTU (Minimum transmission unit))
Maximum Delay	If video stream up to 3 minutes if conference +-150 ms	+-150 ms	Not greater than packet TTL (Time to live
Loss Sensitive	No,but effect quality of video.	No, but effect quality of voice.	Yes, Corrupting files
Jitter Sensitive	Yes,effect quality of video.	Yes,effect quality of voice.	No
Bit rate	64kbps	16 kbps	Depend on file size
Transport	UDP	UDP	TCP
COS and/or TOS (Precedence bits)	Example: Bits 100 → 4 (High priority)	Example: Bits 010 → 2 (Medium priority)	Example: Bits 001 → 1(Low priority)
Table: QOS - Video, Voice and Data

Summary EIGRP, OSPF, BGP

	OSPF	EIGRP	BGP
Protocol type	Link State	Advanced Distance Vector	Path Distance Vector
Classless	Yes	Yes	Yes
VLSM	Yes	Yes	Yes
Automatic Summarization	No	Yes (Possible to disable)	Yes
Size	Large	Large	Very Large
Convergent time	Fast	Very Fast	Slow
Metric	Cost	Composite Metric	Path Attribute
Proprietary	No	Yes	No
Complexity to configure	Medium	Low	High
Boundary separation	Areas	Summarization	Autonomous Systems
Administrative distance Internal	110	90	200
Administrative distance External	Na	170	20
Table - Summary EIGRP, OSPF, BGP

Blogger Domain Email

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